İstanbul Galata Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
DSpace@Galata, İstanbul Galata Üniversitesi tarafından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak yayınlanan; kitap, makale, tez, bildiri, rapor, araştırma verisi gibi tüm akademik kaynakları uluslararası standartlarda dijital ortamda depolar, Üniversitenin akademik performansını izlemeye aracılık eder, kaynakları uzun süreli saklar ve telif haklarına uygun olarak Açık Erişime sunar.
Güncel Gönderiler
Concurrent validity and TEST-RETEST reliability of the incremental shuttle walk TEST in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Taylor & Francis, 2026) Usul, Melis; Yıldırım, Gülenay; Kayapınar, İlayda; Kuran, Aslan Göksen; Özyılmaz, Semiramis; Tunç, Muhammet
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic-endocrine disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Functional capacity is considered a key determinant of the ability to perform activities of daily living and maintain quality of life, and it is frequently impaired in individuals with T2DM. The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is a low-cost, externally paced field test used to assess maximal exercise capacity; however, evidence regarding its validity and reliability in individuals with T2DM remains limited.
Objective: Investigate the concurrent validity of the ISWT against the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and determine its test-retest reliability in individuals with T2DM.
Methods: Twenty-six individuals with T2DM (16 females, 10 males; mean age 56.0 ± 12.02 years) were included. Concurrent validity of the ISWT was assessed by comparison with the 6MWT. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by repeating the measurements after 7 days, provided that participants' clinical condition remained stable. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 31.
Results: The ISWT demonstrated acceptable-to-good test-retest reliability, with an intraclass correlation coefficient ICC3,1 of 0.778 (95% confidence interval: 0.568-0.893; p < .001). No significant difference was found between the first and second measurements (336.54 ± 102.53 m vs. 323.85 ± 84.95 m; t(25) = 1.032; p = .312), indicating that no statistically significant systematic change was observed between the test and retest assessments. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was 48.3 m, and the minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level (MDC95) was 134.0 m.
Conclusion: The ISWT demonstrated acceptable concurrent validity with the 6MWT and good test-retest reliability in individuals with T2DM. Therefore, it may be a useful tool for assessing functional exercise capacity and objectively evaluating functional status in clinical practice. However, SEM and MDC values should be carefully considered when interpreting individual changes in this population.Clinical Trials Number NCT06519318.
Perceived organizational support, passion reflected on the field: A quantitative research on coaches working in football academies
(Elsevier, 2026) Siyahtaş, Anıl; İlk, Çağrı; Çelikel, Baha Eng,n; Turaç, Görkem; Duran, Bişlent; Gişler, Cemal
One of the most important roles in the development of children into professional football players belongs to the coaches working in football academies. Therefore, it is thought that the organizational support that coaches, who work under intense performance pressure, perceive from their clubs can have a significant impact on their passion for their work. However, it is anticipated that psychological and motivational factors may also play a significant role in explaining this relationship. The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between perceived organizational support, psychological resilience, job motivation, and job passion among coaches working in the academies of clubs in the Turkish professional football leagues, within the framework of a structural model. The study included 259 volunteer coaches (n = 259; Xage = 41.27; SDage = 11.91). The research model was tested for direct and indirect effects using SPSS PROCESS Macro with a 5000 bootstrap sample. Initially, perceived organizational support was significantly associated with job passion (β = 0.143, p = .021). However, after psychological resilience and job motivation were included as mediators, the direct relationship between perceived organizational support and job passion became non-significant (β = − 0.069, 95% CI [− 0.132, 0.031]). Furthermore, psychological resilience and job motivation jointly showed a significant sequential mediating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and job passion (B = 0.016, 95% bootstrap CI [0.005, 0.032]). In conclusion, providing organizational support alone does not seem sufficient to increase the passion of academy coaches for their job. Accordingly, it is recommended that practices aimed at strengthening psychological resilience and job motivation be supported to increase coaches' passion for their jobs.
Examination of food literacy, health literacy, and food label reading attitudes among adult individuals living in Istanbul
(Emerald, 2026) Baş, Dilşat; Kayak, Simge; Uluçay, Kestane Vahibe; Özçalkap, İçöz Rümeysa; Kuru Yaşar, Rüya; Sakar Schoinas, Ezgi
Purpose Given the importance of health and food literacy in interpreting food labels and making informed dietary choices, this study aimed to evaluate health and self-perceived food literacy, as well as attitudes toward food-label reading, among adults in T & uuml;rkiye. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study included adults aged 18-65 years in Istanbul, T & uuml;rkiye, recruited through online snowball sampling between November 20, 2023 and March 13, 2024. Food-label reading attitudes, self-perceived food literacy and health literacy were assessed using the Food Label Reading Attitude Scale (FLRAS), Self-Perceived Food Literacy Scale (SPFLS) and Turkish Health Literacy Scale-32 (THLS-32), respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation, group comparison and multiple linear regression analyses. Findings A total of 595 participants were included. Mean FLRAS, SPFLS and THLS-32 scores were 69.3 +/- 17, 91.1 +/- 22.8 and 30.5 +/- 9.6, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between THLS-32 and SPFLS (r = 0.34), THLS-32 and FLRAS (r = 0.24), and SPFLS and FLRAS (r = 0.52) (all p-values < 0.001). Higher education, sufficient nutritional knowledge and SPFLS were independently associated with higher FLRAS. Female gender, THLS-32 and FLRAS scores were associated with SPFLS scores. Better self-rated health, sufficient nutritional knowledge and SPFLS scores were independently associated with THLS-32, whereas age was inversely associated. Findings support targeted strategies to improve food-label interpretation and public nutrition and health literacy. Research limitations/implications The findings cannot be generalized to the entire adult population of Istanbul or T & uuml;rkiye. Future studies should incorporate representative sampling and direct assessment of label comprehension. Healthy dietary choices and attitudes enable individuals to manage their health more effectively. According to the findings of this study, food label reading attitudes, perceived food literacy and health literacy positively and significantly influenced each other. For individuals to lead a healthier life, they need to understand their own health status, acquire detailed information about the foods they consume, and correctly interpret the concepts presented on food labels. Approaches aimed at enhancing these factors will contribute to the protection and improvement of public health. Practical implications The findings highlight the importance of integrating food-label education with broader food and health literacy initiatives. Practical interventions should focus not only on providing nutrition information but also on developing consumers' skills to interpret nutrient declarations, ingredient lists, serving sizes, and nutrition and health claims. Such interventions may be particularly beneficial for individuals with lower educational attainment, limited nutritional knowledge, lower self-perceived food literacy, and older adults. Social implications This study establishes a strong relationship between Label Reading Tendency and Healthy Food Perception, underscoring the fundamental role of label literacy in promoting public health. Demographic variances observed in label reading status indicate significant inequity in consumers' ability to access and use health information. The findings necessitate that public policies mandate targeted label literacy training aimed at mitigating these disparities, thereby strengthening healthy food perception and fostering informed consumption across all social segments.
Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is among the first to simultaneously examine these three constructs using validated instruments in the Turkish adult population.
Analysis of Orthodontic Treatment Requirements and Their Influence on Quality of Life and Self-Esteem Among Adults
(Galenos, 2026) Zeynep, Aslihan; Öz, Abdullah Alper; Özaydın, Özge
Objective: To evaluate the the association of orthodontic treatment need on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-esteem in adult patients seeking orthodontic care. Methods: A total of 110 adults were recruited for the study. Orthodontic treatment need was evaluated using the index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON). Patients with a score of 43 and above were classified as Group 1; those with a score below 43 were classified as Group 2. Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and self-esteem was assessed using the rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES). Statistical evaluation involved Spearman's rank correlation, Mann-Whitney U tests, and independent samples t-tests. Results:The mean OHIP-14 score was higher in Group 1 (12.63 +/- 7.46) than in Group 2 (10.61 +/- 7.46). However, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.176). Mean RSES scores did not differ significantly between the groups (p=0.741). A slight but meaningful positive correlation emerged between ICON and OHIP-14 scores, indicating that as orthodontic treatment need increased, OHRQoL tended to decrease. No significant correlation was observed between ICON and RSES. Additionally, gender was not significantly associated with either OHIP-14 or RSES scores. Conclusion:The analysis revealed that increased need for orthodontic treatment is associated with a slight worsening of OHRQoL but does not significantly affect self-esteem in adult subjects.
Effect of Solvent Use on Dentinal Integrity and Filling Removal During Endodontic Retreatment: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study
(2026) Zümrütel, Pelin; Haznedaroğlu, Faruk; Keleş, Ali; Basmacı, Gülsüm Kutlu
Introduction: This study evaluated, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), whether solvent use during endodontic retreatment influences dentinal defect formation and the removal of filling material compared with mechanical retreatment alone. Materials and methods: Twenty extracted human mandibular molars were prepared and obturated using standardized protocols and randomly allocated to solvent-assisted retreatment or retreatment without solvent (n=10 per group). Micro-CT scans were obtained before treatment, after obturation, and after retreatment at a voxel size of 13.68 μm. Dentinal defects were assessed using axial images, and residual filling-material volume was measured three-dimensionally in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds. Between-group comparisons were performed using the Welch independent-samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. Within-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman test. Results: No dentinal defects were detected in any specimen (0/20). However, the exact 95% confidence interval indicated that a low-incidence effect could not be excluded. Residual filling material was detected in all canals after retreatment. No significant differences were observed between the solvent-assisted and non-solvent groups in residual filling-material volume at any canal third after adjustment for multiple comparisons (all adjusted P>0.05). Conclusions: Under the conditions of this in vitro study, solvent use did not significantly improve filling-material removal compared with mechanical retreatment alone. No dentinal defects were detected in either group; however, the exploratory nature and limited sample size of the dentinal-defect analysis preclude excluding a low-incidence effect.
