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Öğe Artificial intelligence solutions for temporomandibular joint disorders: Contributions and future potential of ChatGPT(Korean J Orthod, 2025) Kula, Betül; Kula, Ahmet; Bagcier, Fatih; Alyanak, BülentObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and usefulness of information generated by Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) on temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Methods: We asked ChatGPT about the diseases specified in the TMD classification and scored the responses using Likert reliability and usefulness scales, the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) scale, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS). Results: The highest Likert scores for both reliability and usefulness were for masticatory muscle disorders (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 6.0 ± 0), and the lowest scores were for inflammatory disorders of the temporomandibular joint (mean ± SD: 4.3 ± 0.6 for reliability, 4.0 ± 0 for usefulness). The median Likert reliability score indicates that the responses are highly reliable. The median Likert usefulness score was 5 (4–6), indicating that the responses were moderately useful. A comparative analysis was performed, and no statistically significant differences were found in any subject for either reliability or usefulness (P = 0.083–1.000). The median mDISCERN score was 4 (3–5) for the two raters. A statistically significant difference was observed in the mean mDISCERN scores between the two raters (P = 0.046). The GQS scores indicated a moderate to high quality (mean ± SD: 3.8 ± 0.8 for rater 1, 4.0 ± 0.5 for rater 2). No statistically significant correlation was found between mDISCERN and GQS scores (r = –0.006, P = 0.980). Conclusions: Although ChatGPT-4 has significant potential, it can be used as an additional source of information regarding TMD for patients and clinicians.Öğe Evaluation of sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors for type 2 diabetes risk: a sample from Turkiye(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Karaca-Çelik, K. Esen; Toprak, Dilek; Baş, Murat; Tevfikoğlu, Leyla; Kahrıman, Meryem; İnce-Palamutoglu, Merve; Doğan, Nurhan; Baş, DilşatBackground: Considering the increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to evaluate the risk of diabetes in our sample and its relationship with sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors.Methods: We conducted the study in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkiye with participants aged 18-65 years. In this face-to-face study, we used a questionnaire on sociodemographic information and general dietary habits and the FINDRISC screening tool. We also recorded participants' 24-hour food recall and assessed anthropometric measurements. We analyzed epidemiological data using binary logistic regression models to assess possible risk factors associated with the presence of diabetes risk. Results: Overall, this study included 3,990 participants, 50.03% (n = 1996) and 49.97% (n = 1994) of whom were males and females, respectively. The FINDRISC score was higher in females (p = 0.001), married individuals (p < 0.001), those with lower education levels (p < 0.001), and participants diagnosed with the disease by a doctor (p < 0.001). Additionally, having a body mass index (BMI) of > 30 kg/m2 increased the risk by 7.33 folds compared with having a BMI of < 25 kg/m2. Significant but very low correlation coefficients were found between main meal consumption, energy, lipid and iron intake and diabetes risk (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that increasing age, increasing BMI, lower education level, and having a disease diagnosis can be significant risk factors for diabetes. However, more studies are needed to clarify risk factors, especially those related to nutrition.Öğe Resources Allocated for Undergraduate Education in Oral Radiology in European Dentistry Programmes: A Survey Study(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ahlqvist, Jan; Levring Jäghagen, Eva; Friedlander-Barenboim, Silvina; Clarkson, Rosalyn; Ferreira Da Costa, Jorge; Fişekçioğlu, Erdoğan; Mitsea, Anastasia; Szopinski, KazimierzAims: The Education Committee of the European Academy of DentoMaxilloFacial Radiology should ‘encourage and support high levels of graduate and postgraduate education in dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR) all over Europe’. For this reason, the committee aimed to formulate a document describing resources allocated for undergraduate education within oral radiology in Europe today that can serve as a benchmark against which dental schools and/or countries with dentistry programmes can relate their undergraduate education. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire addressing resources allocated for learning oral radiology was distributed to colleagues involved in oral radiology education in 117 dental schools in 29 countries in Europe. Results: The answers represent approximately 13% of the dental schools in 40% of the countries providing dental education in Europe. There was a large variation regarding qualifications among teachers. There were also large differences in reported time dedicated to oral radiology courses, within some parts the allocated time differed by a factor 16. Discussion: An ambition to achieve high standards in oral radiology all over Europe should, based on the results of this survey, start with an effort to attain consensus regarding the role of oral radiology in dental education. The involvement of dentists with DMFR specialist training, would support high levels of undergraduate education. Conclusion: The results of this survey include information that educators and authorities can relate to in planning and implementation of new or revised curriculum. The ambition should be to increase teachers' competence and to work towards more harmonised and extensive courses in oral radiology. © 2025 The Author(s). European Journal of Dental Education published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Öğe Malaria in Turkey: A comprehensive analysis of diagnosis, treatment, and the impact of COVID-19, ten years after malaria elimination (2012-2023)(Elsevier Inc., 2025) Şahin, Özgün Ekin; Kalay, Zeynepgül; Sarı, Nagehan Didem; Batırel, Ayşe; Ersöz, Gülden; Tuncer, Ertem Günay; Turunç, Tuba; Gözüküçük, Ramazan; Şimşek Çelener, Funda; Kantürk, Arzu; Süer, Kaya; Özer Balın, Şafak; Sağmak Tartar, Ayşe; Çelebi, Güven; Kuşoğlu, Hülya; Ateş, Selma; Alkan, Sevil; Mıstanoğlu Özatağ, Duru; Berk, Hande; Uzun, Cengiz; Karakoç, Çağla; Erdem, İlknur; Mumcu, Necati; Çölkesen, Fatma; Altunçekiç, Arzu; İnci, Ayşe; Yılmaz Karadağ, Fatma; Türkoğlu Yılmaz, Emine; Arslan, Mustafa; Şahin, Ahmet; Erdoğan, Haluk; Zorbozan, Orçun; Ertabaklar, Hatice; Ertan, Oğuz; Gücer, Lal Sude; Ergönül, ÖnderBackground: The characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment stages of malaria in Turkey in the last ten years are not known except few case reports. We aimed to describe the details of the diagnosis and treatment practices of malaria cases in various hospitals across Turkey between 2012 and 2023 after the declaration of the elimination of malaria. Methods: We collected the patient data from 30 centers by using Qualtrics Survey Software. The patients were categorized according to the WHO Malaria Severe Disease Symptoms guidelines. Results: We detected 299 malaria cases. Of these patients, 23.7% experienced misdiagnosis, with 77.5% of misdiagnosed cases receiving antibiotics. Among the patients, 9 (3%) had no travel history. Additionally, 28 (9.4%) patients required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) during hospitalization. There is a significant association between misdiagnosis and subsequent ICU admissions. Additionally, the duration between malaria diagnosis and the initiation of treatment significantly affected ICU admissions. Furthermore, the number of cases with severe malaria (according to WHO criteria) and ICU admissions increased after the COVID-19 period. In multivariate analysis, initial misdiagnosis was found to be associated with ICU admission (OR: 2.8, p < 0.05), while each day's treatment delays post-diagnosis increased ICU admissions (OR: 1.26, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Misdiagnosis is common which delays the treatment and is correlated with higher admissions to ICUs. Post-COVID-19, there was a notable increase in both ICU admissions and cases of severe malaria, suggesting an escalation in disease severity that warrants further investigation. The resurgence of rare malaria cases with no travel history to abroad highlights the necessity of continued vigilance for new malaria cases. Efforts to promptly treat upon diagnosis and improve diagnostic accuracy in Turkey, where malaria is uncommon, are crucial. Enhancing diagnostic methods and treatment strategies remains essential, especially in significant events like COVID-19.Öğe Comparison of conventional and modified sling suture techniques in free gingival graft operations-a randomized controlled clinical trial(BMC, 2025) Shakiliyeva, Sanubar; Şahin, Demet; Günpınar, Sadiye; Gursel, MihtikarBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of conventional suture (CS) and modified sling suture (MSS) techniques, applied in free gingival graft (FGG) surgery using gingival unit graft (GUT) and conventional graft (CG) techniques, on clinical parameters and graft dimensions. Methods: 52 individuals having Cairo Type 2 (RT2) and Type 3 (RT3) gingival recessions in mandibular anterior were divided into four groups as (a) GUT + MSS (n = 13), (b) GUT + CS (n = 13), (c) CG + MSS (n = 13) and (d) CG + CS (n = 13). Keratinized tissue width (KTW), relative gingival recession height (rGRH), and relative vestibule depth (rVD) measurements were recorded using a digital caliper and UNC 15 periodontal probe. Dimensional changes (Δ) of the graft surface area (GSA) was determined by ImageJ software. All measurements were done at baseline, 1st and 3rd months. Results: It was determined that the increase in KTW in the 1st and 3rd months in GUT + CS group was significantly higher than GUT + MSS group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in Δ rVD and Δ rGRH values between the groups. When ΔGSA (mm2) values were compared between the groups, the decrease in the 1st and 3rd months in the CG + MSS group was found to be significantly higher than the GUT + MSS and GUT + CS groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that keratinized tissue can be obtained successfully with both GUT or CG techniques in FGG surgery, on the other hand, regardless of the suture technique, GUT showed less graft shrinkage than CG.Öğe Touching the Loss and Creating a New Sense of Being in Clay Field Therapy: A Longitudinal Phenomenological Research(Halil Eksi, 2025) Başoğlu Yavuz, SabaClay Field Therapy is a trauma-informed Sensorimotor Art Therapy rooted in haptic perception. It emphasizes the tactile relationship between the individual’s hands and materials, providing a non-verbal avenue for deep therapeutic processing. The combination of three fundamental materials creates Clay Field: a rectangular wooden box filled with smooth clay and warm water. This longitudinal phenomenological study aims to examine the experiences of individuals undergoing Clay Field Therapy to process complex grief. The participant group consists of four women, aged between 30 and 45, who sought Clay Field Therapy due to their unique experiences of loss and grief. Data was collected through participant-led, in-depth, process-oriented, and semi-structured interviews conducted after the first and twelfth Clay Field sessions of each participant. Longitudinal Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was employed to explore in detail how participants attributed meaning to their experiences, changes, and transformations during Clay Field Therapy. Four superordinate themes emerged from the analysis of data: beyond words, from nothingness towards existence, from tangible experiences towards a transformative spiritual experience, and a comprehensive sense of being. Clay Field Therapy facilitates not only the resolution of the grief process but also enables profound existential work and spiritual growth. This process, in which individuals reconstruct the meaning of life through their tactile encounters in the Clay Field, has been conceptualized as “Embodied Reflection.”Öğe Functional changes in metabolic syndrome(Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Update with New Insights, 2025) Gürler, Esra Bihter; Aras, Hülya Çevik; Bostanci, NagihanMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a condition characterized by the cooccurrence of several cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The development of MetS is closely linked to visceral adiposity, which refers to fat accumulation around critical vital organs in the abdominal cavity. Visceral fat is metabolically active and produces adipokines, proteins that regulate energy balance and play a role in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Some adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, have beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and are considered protective against MetS. However, other adipokines, such as visfatin and resistin, contribute to glucose intolerance and have pro-atherogenic properties. Visceral obesity also contributes to the development of MetS through its effects on blood pressure. It activates the sympathetic nervous system, the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system, and insulin resistance, leading to elevated blood pressure. Another critical factor in the development of MetS is the activation of the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). LOX-1 is a protein that acts as a receptor for oxidized LDL on the cell surface. Its activation leads to the production of reactive oxygen species, a decrease in nitric oxide, and increased expression of molecules contributing to hypertension and vascular damage. LOX-1 is also involved in the development of other complications associated with MetS, such as nephropathy and left ventricular hypertrophy. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood volume, electrolyte balance, and vascular resistance. In patients with MetS, the activation of RAAS leads to increased levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone, which have various effects on blood pressure and sodium and water retention. Ang II also contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation in the vasculature. Insulin resistance, a key feature of MetS, disrupts the insulin signaling process in adipose tissue, leading to increased lipolysis and elevated levels of circulating free fatty acids. These fatty acids further worsen insulin resistance and contribute to impaired glucose metabolism.Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body's antioxidant defenses, is closely associated with the development of MetS. Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, standard features of MetS, are linked to increased oxidative stress and ROS production. Oxidative stress and the activation of RAAS and LOX-1 contribute to the progression of dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The oral-gut-liver axis is an emerging concept that suggests a relationship between oral infections, such as periodontitis, and metabolic dysfunction, including MetS and liver diseases. Periodontitis has been associated with chronic liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cirrhosis. The translocation of oral bacteria from the mouth to the gut may contribute to gut dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation, which can worsen liver functions. Overall, the development of MetS involves the interplay of various factors, including visceral obesity, adipokines, LOX-1 activation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and the oral-gut-liver axis. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for preventing and managing MetS and its associated complications. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the roles of individual factors and develop targeted interventions for MetS.Öğe A physiotherapeutic approach to a baby with right disgenesis of thumb and left agenesis of upper extremity: A case report(Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 2024) İnal, Habibe Serap; Reis, OsmanA boy with bilateral congenital anomalies of the upper extremities with transverse absence of the left arm (agenesis) and absence of right thumb (disgenesis), fixed elbow in extension due to humeroradial synostosis thought that the humerus was intact. His wrist could move passively with 50° flexion, 0° extension, and 70° radial deviation. The other 4 fingers were intact, 4-5 metatarsal bones were in synostosis, and the fifth finger was clinodactyly. He was born by normal delivery. The physiotherapist started sensorimotor training to achieve functional movements of the right upper extremity. The exercises for the trunk muscles were emphasized to prevent the future possible thoracolumbar curve due to the absence of loading of the left arm on trunk muscles. Serial splinting was performed to position the wrist and fingers for functional purposes and abduction and internal rotation of the index finger to perform the opposition position until the pollicization surgery. At 1 and a half, his trunk was straight, and the wrist was partially corrected (15° extension; 35° radial deviation). He was able to play with toys and eat food. The mother rated his performance as 8/10 and 10/10, respectively. Both mother and father were satisfied with his performance in activities of daily living according to his age compared with his peers (9/10; 10/10, respectively). Thus, the physiotherapist's sensorimotor training and the positioning splints may be considered as feasible interventions in this case.Öğe Exploring Medium- and Long-Term Respiratory and Functional Sequelae in Young Adults Post-COVID-19(MDPI, 2025) Ekşi, Büşra Ülker; Kısa, Eylül Pınar; Harputlu, Özge Ertan; Kara Kaya, Begüm; Hoşbay, Zeynep; Akıncı, BuketBackground and Objectives: Long COVID-19 syndrome may cause difficulties in functionality during daily life in young people. Our objective was to investigate the respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 compared with healthy peers 3-6 months and 6-12 months after COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: Participants aged 18-25 who had COVID-19 within the last 3-6 months (Post-COVID Group 1, n = 25) and 6-12 months (Post-COVID Group 2, n = 25) and age-gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25) were included in this study. Respiratory functions and muscle strength were measured. Physical function was assessed with 6 min walking test (6MWT) and an Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The 1 min sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST) and hand grip strength (HGS) were used to assess muscle performance. Fatigue and dyspnea severity were questioned. Results: The FVC%pred (p = 0.023) and MEP (p = 0.034) were higher, and 1-MSTST repetitions were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 compared to Post-COVID Group-2 (p = 0.029). The PEF%pred (p = 0.025), MEP (p = 0.001), and ISWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-2 compared to healthy controls. The number of 1-MSTST repetitions and 6MWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 (p = 0.003, p = 0.001) and Post-COVID Group-2 (p = 0.003, p = 0.017) than in healthy controls. Exercise-induced blood lactate change during the ISWT, HGS, fatigue, and dyspnea were not significantly different between post-COVID groups and healthy controls. Conclusions: Young adults who pass asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a decline in FVC%pred, PEF%pred, lower extremity muscle performance, and physical function within 3-6 months. In addition, the deterioration in respiratory and physical functions becomes apparent within 6-12 months.Öğe Determination of job stress levels of physical education and sport teachers(Campus EDUCA SPORTIS S.L., 2025) Hergüner, Gülten; Yücel, Ali Serdar; Bal, Fatih; Özpınar, Saliha; Yaman, Çetin; Korkmaz, Murat; Kuyucu, Mihalis MichaelThis study investigates how the job stress levels of physical education and sport teachers vary according to gender, age, educational status and job position. Within the scope of the research, the data obtained from 520 teachers were used and the job stress questionnaire was evaluated under four main subheadings. The results of Bartlett's test and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient for the suitability of the data for factor analysis showed that the data were quite suitable for factor analysis; while the workload sub-heading explained the highest variance with 26.7%, skill use explained 14.2%, decision freedom explained 12.03% and social support explained 11.6% of the total variance. In the analyses based on gender differences, it was determined that male teachers had higher levels of workload stress, while female teachers had higher levels of skill use, decision freedom and social support stress. In the analyses conducted between age groups, no significant differences were found in the sub-dimensions. Similar results were obtained in the analyses conducted according to education levels. In the analyses conducted according to job positions, it was determined that administrators did not differ from non-administrators in all dimensions. These results show that it is important to customise job stress management strategies according to gender, age and job positions. It is emphasised that general stress management strategies should be developed to cover all demographic groups. © 2025, Campus EDUCA SPORTIS S.L.. All rights reserved.Öğe Online cognitive behavioral stress management program for breast cancer patients(Nobel Ilac, 2024) Savaş, Esra; Keleş, Merve; Tin, ÖzlemObjective: Breast cancer is a challenging process that affects the diagnosed people and their social environment psychologically, physiologically, socially, and economically. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Online Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) for Cancer program, which is structured for people diagnosed with cancer to develop coping methods that will enable them to cope with the stress they experience healthily and actively. The research question is whether attending the CBSM program is effective for the psychological well-being of breast cancer patients or not. Material and Method: The study was completed with a total of 35 people, 17 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The pretest-posttest results of the experimental and control groups were analyzed. The independent sample t-test was used in the comparison of the two groups of experimental and control groups. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the pretest-posttest scores of each group. Results: There was a significant difference observed between the experimental and control groups in the post-test measurements in terms of psychosocial adjustment to illness, assessment of coping attitudes, depression, hope, state, and trait anxiety (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in terms of mental adjustment to cancer. Conclusion: The CBSM program for breast cancer patients is effective in coping with daily and illness-related stress by increasing psychological well-being: increased psychosocial adjustment, adaptation and decreased depression, and anxiety. © 2024, Nobelmedicus. All rights reserved.Öğe Determining the attitudes of university and high school students towards sports by structural equation modelling(Sielae & Univ Coruna, Fac Filologia, 2024) Yücel, Ali Serdar; Korkmaz, Murat; Hergüner, Gülten; Yaman, Çetin; Bal, Fatih; Kuyucu, Mihalis MichaelSport is considered as an important service sector with its protective features for personal and public health, and developed countries regard sport as an indispensable part of their social life. The main purpose of this study is to assess factors affecting views of high school and university students towards sports. Within the scope of the study, the sample of the study is composed of 8546 students chosen with random method throughout Turkey. 5-point Likert scale consisting of 19 questions was used in order to determine views of the participants towards sports within the framework of the research. For analysing data, frequency analysis, reliability analysis and explanatory factor analysis were used in order to determine attitudes of students towards sports while structural equation model analyses were used in order to determine the relationship among the said factors regarding views towards sports. According to significance values of test statistics, all measured questions were statistically found significant for social- psychological attitude factor and physical mental attitude factor. According to the result of the model, there is a same-oriented and statistically significant relationship between social- psychological attitudes of students and their physical-mental attitudes. According to this result, when the views of students tend to be positive socially-psychologically towards sports, their physical-mental attitudes also become positive in parallel with this change. In line with the acquired result, it is necessary to demonstrate positive effects of sports on individuals socially, psychologically, physically and mentally in order to enable students to become more inclined to sports.Öğe Attitudes of sport parents towards children's eating habits(Campus Educa Sportis S.L., 2024) Özpınar, Saliha; Yücel, Ali Serdar; Korkmaz, Murat; Hergüner, Gülten; Yaman, Çetin; Sevil, Ümran; Kuyucu, Michael MihalisToday, parents have assumed important roles in shaping their children's eating habits in social and daily life. Especially the tendency of parents who do sports to transfer their healthy lifestyles to their children has positive effects on children's eating habits. This study examines the attitudes of parents on this issue and the effects of these attitudes on children's eating habits. In line with the aim of the study, the attitudes of parents who do sports towards their children's eating habits were investigated. The rationale of the study is to focus on how parents' attitudes towards nutrition affect their children's eating habits and the contribution of these attitudes to children's general health and sports performance. The findings of the study show that parents' nutrition attitudes are critical for children to develop a healthy lifestyle. This study was conducted between 2023-2024 and 860 parents and their children participated in the study. The data obtained from the study were collected using a 5-point Likert-type scale form with validity and reliability and analysed with SPSS 22.0 software. Various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, factor and regression analyses were used in the study. The findings obtained at the end of the research show that parents' nutritional attitudes have significant effects on children's eating habits. Parents' attitudes towards healthy eating and physical activity positively affect children's eating habits. Children of parents who do sports develop healthier eating habits, are more active and take part in physical activities. The study reveals that parents' nutritional attitudes contribute to children's general health and sports performance. © 2024, Campus EDUCA SPORTIS S.L.. All rights reserved.Öğe Three-year clinical performance of direct restorations using low-shrinkage Giomer vs. nano-hybrid resin composite(Frontiers Media SA, 2024) Toz-Akalın, Tugba; Öztürk-Bozkurt, Funda; Kusdemir, Mahmut; Özsoy, Alev; Yüzbaşıoğlu, Emir; Özcan, MutluThe objective of this investigation was to compare the clinical performance of a nano-hybrid resin composite and a low-shrinkage Giomer resin composite. Material and methods: In total, 35 pairs of restorations were performed using either low-shrinkage Giomer (Beautifil II LS, Shofu Inc.) or nano-hybrid (Clearfil Majesty Posterior) resin composite in 35 patients by two operators using the relevant adhesives, i.e., FL-Bond II (Shofu Inc.) and Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), with the self-etching technique according to each manufacturer's instructions. Two clinicians assessed the restorations 2 weeks (baseline); 6 months; and 1, 2, and 3 years after the restorative procedures using FDI (World Dental Federation) criteria (Scores 1–5). Data were analyzed using the marginal homogeneity and McNemar tests. The survival rate was calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and the survival of the two groups was compared with the log-rank test (p = 0.05). Results: The mean observation period was 37.7 ± 6.8 months. All restorations completed their 3-year follow-up. The criteria were mainly rated with high (1 or 2) scores for quality in both groups. Only one restoration in the low-shrinkage Giomer resin composite group was accepted as a failure at the 2-year recall due to retention loss. Conclusion: At the 3-year follow-up, the performance of the restorations using the Giomer and the nano-hybrid resin composite were similar and clinically acceptable. Clinical relevance: The low-shrinkage Giomer resin composite exhibited a similar clinical performance to the nano-hybrid resin composite after 3 years in service with both materials displaying minor surface deteriorations at the 3-year recall. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02823769.Öğe The İmportance of hematological parameters in the prognosis of patients with severe COVID-19, A single-center retrospective study(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Gözüküçük, Ramazan; Kılıç, Hasan Hüseyin; Uyanık, Bekir Sami; Çakıroğlu, BasriBackground: Inflammation biomarkers known as acute phase reactants (APRs) show significant variations in serum concentrations during inflammation brought on by both viral and noninfectious diseases. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the C-reactive protein (CRP), the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the ferritin, the fibrinogen, the procalcitonin, the D-dimer, and the troponin I are all significant APRs. During inflammation, the serum levels of each of these positive APRs rise. The sensitivity and specificity of hematologic parameters and indices are as high as the inflammatory biomarkers mentioned above for monitoring disease severity and treatment response. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the differences in hematological parameters and indices, and to reveal their treatment and prognostic values, especially in deceased patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: The hemogram parameters of 169 critical patients with COVID-19 (125 males and 44 females) who received inpatient treatment at horizontal ellipsis . between 1 March 2020 and 31 December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups-deceased (77) and surviving (92)-noting demographic data such as age and gender. All analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0. Results: Analyses of the hematological parameters used during the treatment processes revealed statistically significant differences between the two patient groups. White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values were significantly higher (P = 0.019, P = 0.000 and P = 0.000, respectively) for deceased subjects, while lymphocyte, platelet and plateletcrit (PCT) values were significantly lower (for all values, P = 0.000). Platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), as well as MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT, levels were significantly higher in deceased subjects (P = 0.000). Particularly in our deceased cases, receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to reveal the importance of such analyses in prognostic status evaluation in COVID-19 since the hematological parameters are quite different. Cut-off values were determined for each parameter, and sensitivity and specificity ratios were calculated. While the sensitivities of MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT indices are over 80%, neutrophil and white blood cell sensitivities were found to be lower (74%, 68.8%, respectively). Conclusion: In addition to NLR, which is an important biomarker, the hematological indices MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT can be used to determine the risk of death in patients with severe COVID-19.Öğe Management of microcomplications of diabetes mellitus: Challenges, current trends, and future perspectives in treatment(MDPI, 2024) Yapışlar, Hande; Gürler, Esra BihterDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, which can lead to severe health issues if not managed effectively. Recent statistics indicate a significant global impact, with 463 million adults diagnosed worldwide and this projected to rise to 700 million by 2045. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks pancreatic beta cells, reducing insulin production. Type 2 diabetes is primarily due to insulin resistance. Both types of diabetes are linked to severe microvascular and macrovascular complications if unmanaged. Microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, result from damage to small blood vessels and can lead to organ and tissue dysfunction. Chronic hyperglycemia plays a central role in the onset of these complications, with prolonged high blood sugar levels causing extensive vascular damage. The emerging treatments and current research focus on various aspects, from insulin resistance to the intricate cellular damage induced by glucose toxicity. Understanding and intervening in these pathways are critical for developing effective treatments and managing diabetes long term. Furthermore, ongoing health initiatives, such as increasing awareness, encouraging early detection, and improving treatments, are in place to manage diabetes globally and mitigate its impact on health and society. These initiatives are a testament to the collective effort to combat this global health challenge.Öğe Comparison of the Results of BAL and ETA Culture in Intubated COVID-19 Patients(Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2024) Kılıç, Hasan Hüseyin; Gözüküçük, RamazanBackground: The isolation of pathogens using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture or endotracheal aspirate (ETA) culture may enhance the treatment success for secondary pneumonia due to COVID-19, thereby reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality. Aim: This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the results of BAL and ETA cultures in intubated COVID-19 patients and to determine whether BAL has an advantage over ETA. Methods: We routinely perform BAL culture via bronchoscopy or ETA culture within the first 48 h after intubation. We retrospectively reviewed cases that underwent BAL and ETA. The patients were divided into two groups: Group B (BAL) and Group E (ETA). Various parameters were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results: The demographic data and blood test results were similar between the two groups. However, ICU stay, duration of intubation, and culture positivity were significantly higher in Group B. Although not statistically significant, the mortality rate was higher in Group E. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Candida species. Conclusion: The observed mortality rates were consistent with the existing literature. Since the microorganism isolation rate is higher with BAL, leading to more effective antimicrobial treatment, early deaths were prevented, and ICU stay durations were prolonged. Conversely, these durations were shorter in the ETA group due to higher mortality. In intubated COVID-19 patients, a more effective treatment process can be achieved by clearing the airway with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and tailoring the treatment based on BAL culture results. This approach may positively impact prognosis and mortality rates.Öğe Beyond conventional wisdom: unexplored risk factors for penile fracture(Sexual Medicine, 2024) Arıkan, Mehmet Gürkan; Akgül, Burak; Türk, Semih; Tantekin, Ömer Onur; Çakıroğlu, Basri; Arda, ErsanBackground Sexual intercourse is a predominant cause of penile fractures (PF). Aim To evaluate the relationship between body metrics and the severity of PF, identifying how anthropometric factors of patients and their partners influence the incidence and severity of PF. Methods This study analyzed 47 patients with PF over 9 years across multiple centers. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected for both patients and their partners. Injuries were categorized by the sexual position or activity causing them, including partner-related positions (man-on-top, woman-on-top, and doggy-style) and isolated actions (rolling-over, blunt trauma, masturbation, or manipulation). Statistical analysis was performed using the ?2-test. Outcomes The study aimed to uncover correlations between body metrics and the risk profile for PF, focusing on body mass index (BMI), weight, height, and age. Results The majority of PFs occurred during sexual activities (74.5%), particularly in “doggy” and “man-on-top” positions. Urethral involvement was observed in 10.6% of cases. Significant correlations were found between patient and partner ages (r = 0.915), patient BMI and weight (r = 0.874), patient height and weight (r = 0.502), and partner weight and BMI (r = 0.805). Higher BMI in patients was linked to delayed hospital visits (r = 0.377), and frequent sexual activity was strongly correlated with urethral complications (r = 0.727). Clinical Implications These findings emphasize the importance of considering body metrics in assessing PF risk and could guide future preventive strategies and clinical interventions. Strengths & Limitations The study’s strength lies in its comprehensive analysis of anthropometric factors and their correlation with PF severity. Limitations include a relatively small sample size and the potential for reporting bias in sexual activity data. Conclusion The study confirms sexual intercourse as the main cause of PF and highlights significant links between anthropometric factors and fracture severity. Higher BMI and weight in partners are associated with more centrally located fractures and urethral injuries, particularly in taller patients or those with larger partners.Öğe Combined Minimally Invasive Esthetic Rehabilitation of Dental Fluorosis-5-year Follow-up: Case Report(2024) Dokumacigil, Gökhan; Korkut, Bora; Yılmaz Atalı, PınarDental fluorosis (DF) is a specific esthetic issue characterized by a persistent condition in which there is a disruption in enamel development, leading to the formation of hypomineralized enamel. The resulting unusual appearance varies in intensity, presenting as mildly white and opaque to dark brown, and significantly impacts individuals' esthetic features and self-confidence. The objective of this case report was to assess the efficacy of microabrasion, dental whitening, and resin infiltration in terms of resolving lesions, tracking the sensitivity of teeth, and evaluating patient satisfaction over a period of time. A minimally invasive treatment approach in a 27-year-old woman with severe DF is detailed. The treatment plan involved enamel microabrasion, in-office bleaching, and two weeks of at-home bleaching, followed by resin infiltration for the affected tooth under rubber dam isolation. After a 5-year follow-up, the assessment of the patient's esthetic appearance indicated a successful treatment of teeth affected by DF.Öğe Investigation of the effects of some demographic characteristics of female athletes on emotional intelligence and life satisfaction(2024) Yücel, Ali Serdar; Kuyucu, Michael Mihalis; Hergüner, Gülten; Yaman, Çetin; Özpınar, Saliha; Bal, Fatih; Korkmaz, MuratIn many subjects and fields, emotional intelligence refers to the ability of individuals to understand, express and manage their own emotions and the emotions of others. Especially sport is known to have a significant effect on emotional intelligence. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of some demographic characteristics of female athletes on emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. The participants were all women and analyses were performed by taking into account age groups, sports branches and education departments. Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction scales were evaluated by factor analysis and the suitability of the data was confirmed by Bartlett's test. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Anova, Kruskal Wallis and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests were used to analyse the data. All analyses were performed with SPSS v22.0. 34% of the participants were 18-21 years old, 45% were 22-25 years old and 21% were over 26 years old. 31% were interested in team sports and 69% were interested in individual sports. The fields of education are 37% coaching, 32% physical education and sports teaching, 31% sports management. According to the factor analysis results, Bartlett's test p<0.001 and KMO coefficient 0.896 were found. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged between 0.583 and 0.924. While some factors differed according to age, no difference was found according to sport branch. While evaluation of own emotions and social skills differed according to departments, other factors did not differ. Participants over 26 years of age had low scores in the use of emotions and life satisfaction factors. These findings provide important clues for developing strategies for improving emotional intelligence and increasing life satisfaction.
