Atatürk Dönemi’nde Sivas: tarım ve nüfus yapısı
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, iktisadi yapısı tarıma dayanan ülkemizin, Modern Türkiye’nin mimarı olan Mustafa Kemal Atatürk döneminde tarımsal alan ve nüfus yapısında yaşadığı değişimler, Sivas örneği üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Tarım, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'ne kadar, nüfusun en önemli geçim kaynağı ve yaşam şekli olmuştur. Milli Mücadele’nin askeri zaferle sonuçlanmasından sonra, toplumun kalkınması ve medeni seviyeye ulaştırılması için, Atatürk önderliğinde önemli adımlar atılmıştır. Konu, Cumhuriyet döneminde yaşanan sosyo-ekonomik gelişmelerin, tarımsal yapıya yani Sivas tarımı ve nüfusuna olan yansımalarını kapsamaktadır. Sivas, tarihi ve coğrafyası ile geçmişten modern zamana kadar birçok toplum ve devlete ev sahipliği yapmış Anadolu’nun önemli şehirlerinden biridir. Bu makalede, Cumhuriyet’in temellerinin atıldığı, nüfusun büyük çoğunluğunun kırsal alanda yaşadığı ve ekonomisi tarıma dayanan Sivas’ın, Atatürk döneminde yaşadığı iktisadi gelişmelerden bahsedilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, Anadolu’nun iklim ve bitki örtüsünün ülke ve bölge ekonomine olan etkileri de ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Türkiye geneliyle kıyaslanıp, yaşanan gelişimin Sivas özelinde ne ifade ettiği ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmada, Atatürk dönemi tarım ve iktisat politikalarını ele alan çalışmalar ile TÜİK istatistikleri, Sivas hakkında yazılmış eserler, arşiv metinleri ve diğer kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen temel sonuç, Atatürk döneminde yaşanan iktisadi ve toplumsal kalkınmanın temelinde, hâlâ tarımın ön planda olduğu ve bunun da Sivas'ta açıkça görüldüğüdür.
In this study, the changes in the agricultural area and population structure of our country, whose economic structure is based on agriculture, during the period of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the architect of modern Turkey, are discussed through the example of Sivas. Agriculture has been the most important means of living and way of life of the population as from the Ottoman Empire until the Republic of Turkey. After the end of the War of Independence with military victory, important steps led by Ataturk were taken for the development of the society and reaching them to the civilized level. The subject covers the reflections of the socio-economic developments experienced in the Republic period on the agricultural structure, namely Sivas agriculture and population. Sivas, with its history and geography, has hosted many societies and states from the past to the modern period, and has become one of the important cities of Anatolia. This paper mentions the economic developments experienced during Ataturk's period in Sivas, where the foundations of the Republic were laid, the majority of the population lived in rural areas and the economy was based on agriculture. Within the scope of the study, the effects of the climate and flora of Anatolia on the country and regional economy were also discussed. The obtained data are compared with the overall Turkey and the meaning of the experienced development for Sivas was revealed. In the research, studies dealing with the agriculture and economics policies of Ataturk period, the statistics of the Turkish Statistical Institute, works written about Sivas, archive texts and other sources were used. The main conclusion obtained from the study is that agriculture was still been in the foreground at the basis of the economic and social development experienced during the Ataturk period and this was clearly seen in Sivas.
In this study, the changes in the agricultural area and population structure of our country, whose economic structure is based on agriculture, during the period of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the architect of modern Turkey, are discussed through the example of Sivas. Agriculture has been the most important means of living and way of life of the population as from the Ottoman Empire until the Republic of Turkey. After the end of the War of Independence with military victory, important steps led by Ataturk were taken for the development of the society and reaching them to the civilized level. The subject covers the reflections of the socio-economic developments experienced in the Republic period on the agricultural structure, namely Sivas agriculture and population. Sivas, with its history and geography, has hosted many societies and states from the past to the modern period, and has become one of the important cities of Anatolia. This paper mentions the economic developments experienced during Ataturk's period in Sivas, where the foundations of the Republic were laid, the majority of the population lived in rural areas and the economy was based on agriculture. Within the scope of the study, the effects of the climate and flora of Anatolia on the country and regional economy were also discussed. The obtained data are compared with the overall Turkey and the meaning of the experienced development for Sivas was revealed. In the research, studies dealing with the agriculture and economics policies of Ataturk period, the statistics of the Turkish Statistical Institute, works written about Sivas, archive texts and other sources were used. The main conclusion obtained from the study is that agriculture was still been in the foreground at the basis of the economic and social development experienced during the Ataturk period and this was clearly seen in Sivas.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Atatürk, Sivas, Tarım, Nüfus, Ataturk, Agriculture, Population, Rural area, Kırsal alan
Kaynak
CTAD: Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
17
Sayı
34
Künye
Hasan, Ö. (2021). Atatürk Dönemi’nde Sivas: Tarım ve Nüfus Yapısı.
http://www.ctad.hacettepe.edu.tr/17_34/6.pdf
